Let’s be clear: “Whole grains” are definitely better than processed grains.
The question is “how much better”, and the answer is… not so much.
Sure, this sounds like nutritional heresy, but consider the facts, starting with processed grains. Processed grains- like most cereals, pastas and breads—are bad because...
1.They contain almost no nutrients (except the ones the manufacturers put back in with “fortification”).
2. They contain minimal fiber.
3. They are almost always high on the glycemic scale, meaning they raise your blood sugar quickly. This inevitably leads to a sequence of events resulting in energy fluctuations, cravings, and, for some, the fogginess and mood swings associated with low blood sugar.
For years we’ve been hearing that we should switch to whole grains, as they
are supposed to offer the solution to the problems of processed grains.
But the truth of the matter is... they don’t.
See, grains- unlike fruits and vegetables and most nuts- can never be eaten without some processing. You can’t pluck a stalk of wheat and start chowing down. Even a natural, whole grain has to be turned into a food, and it’s “natural” state is much farther from “edible” than, say, a berry or a carrot.
Once your whole grains have been ground into flour, then by definition they’re not truly whole grain anymore. Flour may have started life as a whole grain, but by the time it’s flour all bets are off. Big food companies love to proclaim that their products are a “good source of whole grains” but read the ingredients, not the advertising copy on the package. “Whole grain flour” is only marginally better than regular flour.
It’s amazing how many people buy into the conventional wisdom about grains being a great source of fiber. They’re not. Most commercial breads have one or two grams of fiber at best, and there’s not much difference between the amount of fiber found in breads made with whole grain flours and the amount of fiber found in breads made with white flour. For comparison, a cup of beans contains between 11-17 grams of fiber, and half a Florida avocado contains 8.5. Those are real high-fiber foods.
Then there’s the blood sugar issue. Because whole grains- in theory- are higher in fiber, they are supposed to have a much more muted effect on blood sugar.
But that’s not always the case. A quick glance at the glycemic load tables shows that there’s only a few points difference between white spaghetti and whole wheat spaghetti, and brown rice and white rice are within spitting distance of each other. That doesn’t mean that there aren’t good things in brown rice that aren’t found in white rice, but it does mean that if you’re trying to control your blood sugar, whole grains are very far from a “free lunch”.
Finally, there’s the gluten issue. Gluten- a protein found in wheat, barley and rye- is a very reactive substance that causes a lot of problems for an awful lot of people. Shari Lieberman, PhD, CNS has linked gluten to an enormous range of symptoms and disorders including neurological disorders, autoimmune disorders, and digestive disorders, and that’s just for openers(1). Dr. Leiberman suspects gluten sensitivity may be an issue in chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, anemia, asthma and many other conditions.
Many people who have tried going off gluten report remarkable improvements in a host of symptoms that they hadn’t suspected were linked to their food. If gluten might be a problem for you, whole grains won’t solve it.
So does this mean you should discard the concept of eating whole grains? No. But read labels carefully. Try to find “flourless” breads, or those made from sprouted grains. Check the fiber content on the nutritional facts label. And remember, there’s no basic physiological need for grains in the human diet, so don’t worry too much about it if grains just aren’t doing it for you.
Eat them if you like- but if you’re one of the many people who feel better without them, don’t give it a second thought.
References
Lieberman, Shari, “The Gluten Connection”, Rodale, 2006 http://www.amazon.com/Gluten-Connection-Sensitivity-Sabotaging-Control/dp/1594863873/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1318284966&sr=8-1